begin ［误］ The meeting will begin from Monday. ［正］ The meeting will begin on Monday. ［误］ The film has begun for ten minutes. ［正］ The film has been on for ten minutes. ［析］ begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：The film has begun. 这句话是对的，即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has been on即"上演了10分钟"。 begin、start begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes. ［误］ They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end. ［正］ They study hard in the class from beginning to end. ［析］ from beginning to end是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam. behind ［误］ He missed the class because he was behind the time. ［正］ He missed the class because he was behind time. ［析］ behind time一短语意为"晚了"，而behind the times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词，如Come out from behind the door(介词). He's a long way behind(副词). He fell behind with his classmates(副词). below ［误］ What's that below the chair. ［正］ What's that under the chair. ［析］ under意为"正下方"，而below意为"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the example below, 而不要用under. beside ［误］ The students stood besides the teacher. ［正］ The students stood beside the teacher. ［误］ I study English beside Chinese. ［正］ I study English besides Chinese. ［析］ beside意为"在……旁边"，而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。 beside、by、near beside意为"在……旁"，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：There is a post office near our school. better ［误］ You had better to do it at home. ［正］ You had better do it at home. ［误］ You hadn't better wake me up at six. ［正］ You had better not wake me up at six. ［析］ had better在肯定句中为"应该作某事"，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用had better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd，如：You'd better not. 又如： Let's go first. No, we'd better not. between ［误］ Among the two trees there is a space of the feet. ［正］ Between the two trees there is a space of the feet. ［析］ 两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among. ［误］ You must choose between this club or that club. ［正］ You must choose between this club and that club. ［析］ 在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…，而不能用between…or…. |
学校总部：海淀区苏州街55号(人民大学西门名商大厦五层)
