big ［误］ There was a big rain last night. ［正］ There was a heavy rain last night. ［析］ 大雨在英语中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain. bit ［误］ He is a bit fool. ［正］ He is a bit of a fool. ［析］ a bit可以作程度副词，与a little相同，但它用于名词前应用a bit of, 而用于形容词前则应用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其简答的否定句应为Not a bit, (一点儿也不。)又如： -Do you mind if I open the door? -Not a bit. black ［误］ The children became black after swimming in the sea. ［正］ The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea. ［析］ 因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用black而应用sunburned, sun colour或dark. ［误］ The girl has black eyes and black hair ［正］ The girl has dark eyes and black hair. ［析］ 英语中black eyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。 ［误］ The Europeans like red tea. ［正］ The Europeans like black tea. ［析］ 红茶在英文中应为black tea. 这种惯用法还有：black and blue(鼻青脸肿，青一块紫一块)；blackandwhite(黑白电视片)。go black意为"在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗"；look black意为"情况不妙，前景暗淡"。如：After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and blackandwhite for others. body ［误］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body. ［正］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health. ［析］ 中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。 borrow ［误］ May I lend some books from the library? ［正］ May I borrow some books from the library? ［误］ How long can I borrow it? ［正］ How long can I keep it? ［析］ 英语中有三个词都可译为"借"，但意义各不相同如："借入"是borrow，其常用句型结构是borrow something from somebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. "借出"用lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与how long等疑问词连用，如：You can keep it for three days. born (bear的过去分词) ［误］ I born in Shanghai. ［正］ I was born in Shanghai. ［误］ He was born from Greek parents. ［正］ He was born of Greek parents. ［析］ "出身于……样的家庭"不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family. both ［误］ They both are students. ［正］ They are both students. ［误］ They refuse both to answer this question. ［正］ They both refuse to answer this question. ［析］ both作同位语时，一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。 ［误］ I know his both parents. ［正］ I know both his parents. ［误］ The both brothers were students. ［正］ Both the brothers were students. ［正］ Both brothers were students. ［析］ 当both与形容词性物主代词my, his, her等以及定冠词the连用时，都应将这些词置于both之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。 ［误］ Both of my parents are not at home. ［正］ Neither of my parents are at home. ［误］ Both of your answers are not right. ［正］ Neither of your answers is right. ［正］ Both your answers are wrong. ［析］ both不能用于否定句中作主语。表示"两者都不"时要用neither;但作宾语时both与either则都对，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能将两本书全给你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (两本书中哪本书也不能给你。) |
学校总部：海淀区苏州街55号(人民大学西门名商大厦五层)
